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Enhanced cross-flow filtration with flat-sheet ceramic membranes by titanium-based coagulation for membrane

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1531-x

摘要：

• Ceramic membrane filtration showed high performance for surface water treatment.

关键词： Ceramic membrane Coagulation Polytitanium chloride Membrane fouling

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The investigation of pressure drop in moving-beds

CHEN Yunhua, ZHU Xuedong, WU Yongqiang, ZHU Zibin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 184-189 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0034-4

摘要： The pressure drop of a cross-flow moving-bed was investigated in a two-dimensional rectangular apparatus. The effects of the particle velocity, the superficial gas velocity, the formation and development of cavity/raceway and voidage of particles on the pressure drop were investigated experimentally under the operational conditions of 0.09 1.35 m/s of the superficial gas velocity and 0.95 9.68 cm/min of the particle velocity. The experimental results show that the particle velocity has little influence on the pressure drop, while the phenomena of cavity and pinning occur when the cross-flow velocity is high enough. The development of a cavity or a raceway can result in three types of variations of pressure drop with time: stabilization, slight fluctuation and severe fluctuation. A cavity appears in a process cycle of formation-growing up-collapsing-fluidization at a high gas velocity. On the basis of experimental results, a model for calculating the pressure drop after a cavity occurs and a dimensionless relationship of cavity size is developed, which gives a good qualitative account of the experimental data.

关键词： development cross-flow velocity superficial qualitative account stabilization

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Study of two-phase flow regime identification in horizontal tube bundles under vertical upward cross-flow

HUANG Xinghua, WANG Li, JIA Feng

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 333-338 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0043-0

摘要： A wavelet-transform based approach for flow regime identification in horizontal tube bundles under vertical upward cross-flow condition was presented. Tests on two-phase flow pattern of R134a were conducted under low mass velocity and flow boiling conditions over ranges of mass flux 4–25 kg/ms, vapor quality 0.02–0.90. Time series of differential pressure fluctuations were measured and analyzed with discrete wavelet transform. Different time-scale characteristics in bubbly flow, churn flow and annular flow were analyzed. The wavelet energy distributions over scales were found to be appropriate for flow regime identification. Based on the wavelet energy distribution over characteristic scales, a criterion of flow regime identification was proposed. The comparison with experiment results show that it is feasible to use the discrete wavelet transform as the tool of flow regime identification in horizontal tube bundles under vertical upward cross-flow condition.

关键词： two-phase discrete appropriate wavelet-transform criterion

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Thermal-hydraulic performance of novel louvered fin using flat tube cross-flow heat exchanger

DONG Junqi, CHEN Jiangping, CHEN Zhijiu

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 99-106 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0010-9

摘要： Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the air-side heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of a novel louvered fins and flat tube heat exchangers. A series of tests were conducted for 9 heat exchangers with different fin space and fin length, at a constant tube-side water flow rate of 2.8 m/h. The air side thermal performance data were analyzed using the effectiveness-NTU method. Results were presented as plot of Colburn factor and friction factor against the Reynolds number in the range of 500–6500. The characteristics of the heat transfer and pressure drop of different fin space and fin length were analyzed and compared. In addition, the curves of the heat transfer coefficients vs. pumping power per unit heat transfer area were plotted. Finally, the area optimization factor was used to evaluate the thermal hydraulic performance of the louvered fins with differential geometries. The results showed that the and factors increase with the decrease of the fin space and fin length, and the fin space has more obvious effect on the thermal hydraulic characteristics of the novel louvered fins.

关键词： obvious effect different thermal hydraulic constant tube-side Colburn

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Simulation of cross-flow-induced vibration of tube bundle by surface vorticity method

WANG Fenghao, JIANG Gedong, Lin John Zhang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 243-248 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0049-7

摘要： A fluid-structure interaction model based on Surface Vorticity Method (SVM) was used to study flow-induced vibrations of tube bundles in medium space ratio. The flow-induced vibrations of four tubes in a rotated square and a staggered tube bundle in three-row and five-column arrangements were simulated in the high sub-critical Reynolds number () range. The results on fluid forces, tube responses and vorticity maps were presented. The vorticity maps of the four rotated-square tubes changed dramatically when the rigid tubes were replaced by the flexible tubes. From the vorticity maps and vibration responses of the staggered tube bundle of different structural parameters, it was found that with the decrease of tube natural frequency, the maximal vibration response moved from the third row to the first. The results also showed that when more flexible tubes are used, the flow pattern changed drastically and the fluid-structure interaction imposed a dominant impact on the flow.

关键词： dominant sub-critical Reynolds staggered Vorticity three-row

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Simulation of horizontal slug-flow pneumatic conveying with kinetic theory

GU Zhengmeng, GUO Liejin

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 336-340 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0050-6

摘要： Wavelike slug-flow is a representative flow type in horizontal pneumatic conveying. Kinetic theory was introduced to establish a 3D kinetic numerical model for wavelike slug gas-solid flow in this paper. Wavelike motion of particulate slugs in horizontal pipes was numerically investigated. The formation and motion process of slugs and settled layer were simulated. The characteristics of the flow, such as pressure drop, air velocity distribution, slug length and settled layer thickness, and the detailed changing characteristics of slug length and settled layer thickness with air velocity were obtained. The results indicate that kinetic theory can represent the physical characteristics of the non-suspension dense phase flow of wavelike slug pneumatic conveying. The experiment in this paper introduced a new idea for the numerical calculation of slug-flow pneumatic conveying.

关键词： velocity distribution detailed slug-flow gas-solid theory

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Numerical analysis of aerodynamic noise radiated from cross flow fan

CHEN Anbang, LI Song, HUANG Dongtao

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 443-447 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0063-9

摘要： The flow field in a cross flow fan was simulated by solving the 2-D unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The calculated pressure fluctuations of the blades, the vortex wall, and the rear wall were then used as noise sources to calculate the sound field. The Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) equation was employed to predict the noise field caused by these sources. The predictions show that the rear wall and the vortex wall sources contribute significantly to the total noise and that both the predicted aerodynamic performance and noise agree well with the experimental results.

关键词： predicted aerodynamic Williams-Hawkings calculated pressure aerodynamic performance unsteady Reynolds-averaged

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Effect of inlet box on performance of axial flow fans

LI Jingyin, TIAN Hua, YUAN Xiaofang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 390-394 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0087-1

摘要： Numerical investigations on 3D flow fields in an axial flow fan with and without an inlet box have been extensively conducted, focusing on the variation of fan performance caused by the internal flow fields and the velocity evenness at the exit of the inlet box. It is interesting to find that although the inlet box is well designed in accordance with basic design principles, there is a flow separation region in it. Furthermore, this flow separation and the resulting uneven velocity distribution at the exit lead to some decrease in the efficiency and an increase in the total pressure rise of the fan. This research shows that the inlet box needs further improvement and such a check on the flow fields is of value for the design of inlet boxes.

关键词： box velocity distribution accordance Numerical variation

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Three-dimensional numerical simulation of flow in trapezoidal cutthroat flumes based on FLOW-3D

Danjie RAN, Wene WANG, Xiaotao HU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第2期页码 168-176 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018217

摘要： To solve the common problem of flumes flow-measurement accuracy without sacrificing water head, a new type of trapezoidal cutthroat flume to measure the discharge in terminal trapezoidal channels is presented. Using the computational fluid dynamic method, three-dimensional flow fields in trapezoidal cutthroat flumes were simulated using the RNG three-dimensional turbulence model along with the TruVOF technique. Simulations were performed for 12 working conditions, with discharges up to 0.075 m ·s to determine hydraulic performance. Experimental data for the trapezoidal cutthroat flume in terminal trapezoidal channel were also obtained to validate the simulation results. Velocity distribution of the flume obtained from simulation analyses were compared with observed results based on time-averaged flow field and comparison yielded a solid agreement between results from the two methods, with relative error below 10%. The results indicated that the Froude number and the longitudinal average velocity increased along the convergence section and decreased in the divergent section. In the upper throat, the Froude number was less than 0.5, which meets the water measurement requirement, and the critical flow appeared near the throat section. The maximum water head loss of the trapezoidal cutthroat flume was less than 9% of the total head, compared to the rectangular cutthroat flume, and head loss of trapezoidal cutthroat flume was significantly less. Regression models developed for upstream depth versus discharge under different working conditions were satisfactory, with a relative error of less than 2.06%, which meets the common requirements of flow measurement in irrigation areas. It was concluded that trapezoidal cutthroat flumes can improve flow-measurement accuracy without sacrificing water head.

关键词： distribution of velocity Froude number head loss stage-discharge relationship trapezoidal cutthroat flume

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气流速度对感烟火灾探测器响应灵敏度的影响

谢启源,苏国锋,袁宏永,张永明

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第11期页码 76-80

摘要：

针对地下车库、空调出风口等存在高速气流的特殊场所，利用火灾探测综合模拟实验平台，根据气流是否影响烟颗粒生成过程，分别设计2种实验方案，分析比较了光电型与离子型两种感烟火灾探测器在不同气流条件下的响应灵敏度。实验结果表明，在烟颗粒生成过程不受气流影响的情况下，两种感烟探测器的响应灵敏度均随气流速度增大而下降。在气流影响烟颗粒生成过程的情况下，光电感烟探测器的灵敏度依然随着气流速度的增大而迅速下降；而离子型感烟探测器的灵敏度受气流速度影响较小，在高速气流条件下依然保持较高的灵敏度。综合分析表明，离子感烟探测器较适合在高速气流环境中工作。

关键词：气流速度感烟火灾探测器烟颗粒粒径分布

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Discrete element method modeling of corn-shaped particle flow in rectangular hopper

He TAO, Baosheng JIN, Wenqi ZHONG, Xiaofang WANG,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 267-275 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0035-0

摘要： Discrete element method (DEM) was developed to simulate the corn-shaped particles flow in the hopper. The corn-shaped particle was described by four overlapping spheres. Contact force and gravity force were considered when establishing the model. In addition, flowing characteristic of particles in the hopper was studied. The effect of friction coefficient on the wall pressure, voidage and velocity distribution was analyzed. The results show that the discharge rate decreases with the friction coefficient increasing; and the “over-pressure” phenomenon occurs in the discharging process for two different friction coefficients. The voidage also increases as the friction coefficient increasing. And the velocity distribution is more uniformity and is closer to the mass flow with the friction coefficient deceasing.

关键词： discrete  element   method  (DEM)   non-spherical voidage pressure velocity distribution hopper

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Method of internal 3D flow field numerical simulation for hydrodynamic torque converter

SHANG Tao, ZHAO Dingxuan, ZHANG Yuankun, GUO Xiangen, SHI Xiangzhong

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第1期页码 86-90 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0012-7

摘要： To enhance the performance of a hydrodynamic torque converter and thoroughly understand the trait of inside flow, a numerical simulation method of internal 3D flow for the three-element centrifugal hydrodynamic torque converter was systematically researched and expatiated in this paper. First, the internal flow field of each impeller was calculated. The curves that illustrate the relationships between the pressure differences of the inlet and outlet versus flux were drawn. Second, the concurrent working point of each impeller was approximately estimated. Finally, a calculation was performed considering the influence on each impeller. The flow field of a working point was solved by multiple calculations and the actual working condition was gradually determined. The pressure and velocity distributions of the flow field were proposed. The performance parameters of the hydrodynamic torque converter were predicted. The calculation method, and the proposed pressure and velocity distribution of the flow field, have practical significance for the design and improvement of a hydrodynamic torque converter.

关键词： velocity distribution calculation numerical simulation three-element centrifugal converter

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Image analyses for video-based remote structure vibration monitoring system

Yang YANG,Xiong (Bill) YU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 12-21 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0313-6

摘要： Video-based vibration measurement is a cost-effective way for remote monitoring the health conditions of transportation and other civil structures, especially for situations where accessibility is restricted and does not allow installation of conventional monitoring devices. Besides, video-based system is global measurement. The technical basis of video-based remote vibration measurement system is digital image analysis. Comparison of the images allow the field of motion to be accurately delineated. Such information is important to understand the structure behaviors including the motion and strain distribution. This paper presents system and analyses to monitor the vibration velocity and displacement field. The performance is demonstrated on a testbed of model building. Three different methods (i.e., frame difference method, particle image velocimetry, and optical Flow Method) are utilized to analyze the image sequences to extract the feature of motion. The Performance is validated using accelerometer data. The results indicate that all three methods can estimate the velocity field of the model building, although the results can be affected by factors such as background noise and environmental interference. Optical flow method achieved the best performance among these three methods studied. With further refinement of system hardware and image processing software, it will be developed into a remote video based monitoring system for structural health monitoring of transportation infrastructure to assist the diagnoses of its health conditions.

关键词： structure health monitoring velocity estimation frame difference PIV optical-flow method

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圆形重力式网箱流场效应的试验研究

刘超,关长涛,崔勇,赵侠,李梦杰,李真真,王腾腾

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第9期页码 69-77

摘要：

为探索圆形重力式网箱在动态流场中的水动力学特性，同时获得网箱系统内部与周围流场分布及流速变化规律，设计了4 种不同网目形状和不同网目大小的网箱模型（C1、C2、C3、C4），选取4 种不同水流流速（0.068 m/s、0.105 m/s、0.143 m/s、0.182 m/s），分别采用声学多普勒流速仪（ADV）和粒子图像测速（PIV）技术对网箱系统内外的流速及流场变化进行测定。结果表明，ADV试验与PIV技术测量结果基本一致；来流速度不同时，单个网箱范围内的水流衰减程度差异不大；来流速度相同时，小网目网箱的减流效果优于大网目网箱；网目大小相同时，菱形网目网箱减流效果优于方形网目网箱；群组网箱减流效果明显，且随着水流通过网箱数目的增加，网箱内与网箱后的流速降低明显，其中第2 个网箱中心的流速衰减率已经达到了67.6 %，第4 个网箱中心的流速衰减率为88.2 %，网箱后的流速衰减率为72.1 %。研究结果可为养殖生产实践中网箱类型的选择提供理论参考。

关键词：网箱 ADV PIV 流速流场分布

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Prediction of the shear wave velocity

Amoroso SARA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 83-92 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0234-6

摘要： The paper examines the correlations to obtain rough estimates of the shear wave velocity from non-seismic dilatometer tests (DMT) and cone penetration tests (CPT). While the direct measurement of is obviously preferable, these correlations may turn out useful in various circumstances. The experimental results at six international research sites suggest that the DMT predictions of from the parameters (material index), (horizontal stress index), (constrained modulus) are more reliable and consistent than the CPT predictions from (cone resistance), presumably because of the availability, by DMT, of the stress history index .

关键词： horizontal stress index shear wave velocity flat dilatometer test cone penetration test